Caves, sinkholes and swallow holes

The area between Zocca and Guiglia is characterized by the presence of a "plate" of Epiliguri rocks, topographically detected with respect to the surrounding landscape, in which the Ligurian clayey complexes dominate.This plateau consists mainly of arenaceous and marly lithotypes of the Bismantova Group and of the underlying Antognola Formation.
The plate has numerous faults and fractures consequent to the various tectonic phases of the formation of the Apennine chain.
The landscape within this plateau is made up of gentle, wreck-like forms (referable to shaping processes that are no longer active, probably due to the periglacial environments, during and immediately after the last Wurmian glaciation) and by numerous cavities of wide varieties: sinkholes of various types (mostly flat or bowl-shaped), vertical wells, sinkholes and rock shelters.